Passive voice atau kalimat pasif sering bikin bingung siswa kelas 9. Padahal materi ini muncul terus di ujian sekolah, bahkan sampai ujian akhir. Masalahnya, banyak yang masih tertukar antara rumus active dan passive, atau bingung kapan harus pakai “by” dan kapan tidak perlu.
Sebelum masuk ke latihan soal, ada baiknya kita ingat lagi pola dasarnya. Passive voice dibentuk dari to be + past participle (V3). To be-nya menyesuaikan tenses yang dipakai. Kalau present tense, pakai is/am/are. Kalau past tense, pakai was/were. Kalau present perfect, pakai have/has been. Intinya, fokusnya bukan lagi siapa yang melakukan, tapi apa yang dilakukan.
Ciri paling gampang: ada kata “by” di belakang, meskipun sering juga dihilangkan kalau pelakunya tidak penting atau sudah jelas.
Nah, berikut ini latihan soal yang bisa langsung dicoba. Jumlahnya 15 soal pilihan ganda, cukup untuk mengukur sejauh mana pemahamanmu.
A. Choose the correct answer by choosing a, b, c, or d.
-
The house … by my grandfather in 1980.
a. build
b. built
c. is built
d. was built -
English … in many countries around the world.
a. speaks
b. spoke
c. is spoken
d. was spoken -
The letter … by the secretary yesterday.
a. types
b. typed
c. is typed
d. was typed -
The window … by the naughty boy right now.
a. is being broken
b. is broken
c. was broken
d. breaks -
A new bridge … next year.
a. builds
b. built
c. will be built
d. will build -
The homework … by the students before the teacher came.
a. has finished
b. had been finished
c. was finishing
d. is finished -
The song … by millions of people since 2010.
a. has been downloaded
b. have been downloaded
c. was downloaded
d. is downloaded -
The room … every morning.
a. cleans
b. cleaned
c. is cleaned
d. was cleaned -
The thief … by the police last night.
a. catches
b. caught
c. is caught
d. was caught -
The tickets … by my sister tomorrow.
a. will buy
b. will be bought
c. are bought
d. were bought -
The cake … by my mother at the moment.
a. is being made
b. is made
c. was made
d. makes -
The car … when I saw it.
a. is washing
b. was being washed
c. washes
d. washed -
The project … by the team next month.
a. will complete
b. will be completed
c. is completing
d. completed -
The books … on the shelf by someone.
a. puts
b. put
c. are put
d. is put -
The email … by him before the meeting started.
a. has sent
b. had been sent
c. was sending
d. is sent
B. Ubah kalimat aktif berikut menjadi passive voice.
-
My father repairs the motorcycle.
-
The teacher explains the lesson.
-
Someone stole my wallet.
-
They will announce the winner tomorrow.
-
The chef has cooked the soup.
Kunci Jawaban
Bagian A:
-
d
-
c
-
d
-
a
-
c
-
b
-
a
-
c
-
d
-
b
-
a
-
b
-
b
-
c
-
b
Bagian B:
-
The motorcycle is repaired by my father.
-
The lesson is explained by the teacher.
-
My wallet was stolen (by someone).
-
The winner will be announced tomorrow.
-
The soup has been cooked by the chef.
Cara Cepat Mengerjakan Soal Passive Voice
Trik pertama, lihat subjeknya. Kalau subjeknya benda atau orang yang dikenai tindakan, kemungkinan besar itu passive. Kedua, perhatikan keterangan waktu. “Yesterday” biasanya pakai was/were + V3. “Tomorrow” pakai will be + V3. “Right now” pakai is/am/are being + V3. “Since” atau “for” mengarah ke has/have been + V3.
Ketiga, jangan terkecoh dengan kata kerja yang bentuk V2 dan V3-nya sama, seperti “put”, “cut”, “read”. Kalimat “The books are put on the shelf” benar, bukan “are putted”.
Keempat, kalau ada “by” di pilihan jawaban, cek apakah pelakunya masuk akal. Kadang soal menjebak dengan “by” yang tidak sesuai konteks.
Latihan rutin sepuluh menit sehari jauh lebih efektif daripada belajar semalam penuh. Coba kerjakan ulang soal di atas tanpa melihat kunci, lalu bandingkan hasilnya. Kalau masih banyak salah di bagian tertentu, fokuskan latihan di tenses itu saja.
Semoga latihan ini membantu persiapan ujianmu. Jangan lupa cek kembali pemahaman active-passive dengan membuat contoh kalimat sendiri sehari-hari, misalnya “My phone was charged last night” atau “The door is locked every night.”
